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The early
USA composition doll's
are made from glue, glycerin, zinc oxide & Japanese wax and are heavy
and dense, the coloring can be almost white, gray or brown. Each
manufacturer kept their exact "recipe" a secret. By 1916 or so the
manufacturers began using ground-up sawdust, also called "wood flour",
which made a much lighter doll. Then the doll was airbrushed with
oil paint.
Various manufactures are grouped here, as not enough examples are known to make each company a
doll page.
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1860 or
1886-1900 Emma L. Bristol, a Provenience, Rhode Island USA doll
manufacturer, made composition shoulder head dolls with kid leather
bodies, human hair wigs, molded painted blue eyes, closed
mouths. Known marking is:
BRISTOL'S UNBREAKABLE DOLL
273 HIGH St. PROVIDENCE, RI.
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Photo N/A 1860 or
1886-1900 Emma L. Bristol |
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1888-1921 Beck
Manufacturing Co., a USA doll manufacturer, made composition
baby & child dolls with glass eyes and wigs, dolls were dressed in
dark knit clothing, so they would not show play dirt. Also
later, imported bisque head dolls from Europe. It is unknown
how/if their composition dolls were marked.
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Photo N/A 1888-1921 Beck
Manufacturing Co. |
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1892-1908 American
Doll & Toy Co., of Brooklyn, NY USA, also known as the First
American Doll Factory, Goldstein & Hoffman & The Hoffman Co., they
produced the 1892 issued patent for "Can't Break Em" composition
head dolls. Originally owned by Solomon D. Hoffman, when he
passed away around 1908 the
patent & company were merged with the Aetna Doll & Toy company.
By
1925 Horsman acquired the Aetna company. The can't
break em dolls are usually composition shoulder heads, with a cloth
body, glass eyes, wigged, believed to be marked:
F.A.D.F |
Photo N/A 1892-1908
American Doll & Toy Co.
First
American Doll Factory
Goldstein & Hoffman
The Hoffman Co. |
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1902-1916+
Baker & Bennett, USA doll manufacturer, made small composition
dolls, best known for their Spearmint Kid doll. Composition
dolls maybe marked: B B.
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Photo N/A 1902-1916+ Baker
& Bennett |
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1902-1930s J.
Bouton & Co., a USA doll manufacturer, made bisque baby & child
dolls, also composition Mama baby & character dolls. They are
probably best known for their musical Baby Phyllis doll.
It is unknown if/how dolls are marked.
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Photo N/A 1902-1930s J.
Bouton & Co., |
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1911-1917
Mitred Box Co. - was a short lived doll maker in New York city,
USA. Only about four composition doll models have been found
and some of these show characteristics of the same body construction
to the Amberg dolls, thus it's assumed they may have shared
suppliers. Some of the dolls resemble the Gebruder Heubach head molds.
One of their composition dolls was Coquette, (Heubach's #7788, 7850
molds) 14" tall, molded hair
with painted blue hair bow doll, closed smiling mouth, painted blue side
glancing eyes, painted black molded boots. Markings:
unmarked.
Other dolls by this maker may
have a marking of: Yankee Doll/Made in USA. |

1911-1917
Coquette, 14" |
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1912-1930 Arcy Toy
Manufacturing Co., of New York made dolls of bisque, celluloid &
composition, dolls are generally a good quality. Marks: ARCY
© 1914
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Photo N/A 1912-1930 Arcy
Toy Manufacturer |
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1912-1920 Elektra Toy & Novelty company - an
USA company that made composition dolls: cloth body or all
composition, most with painted eyes and molded painted hair, some
have a hole in the top of the head with a tuff of hair inserted.
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Photo N/A
1912-1920 Elektra Toy & Novelty company |
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ca. 1913+ Arcade Toy
Manufacturing Co. Inc. of New York made composition dolls
usually with molded hair & painted eyes, cloth body with disk pinned
cloth legs have been found. It is unknown when they ceased to
exist or what other types of dolls they manufactured.
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Photo N/A ca. 1913+ Arcade
Toy Manufacturing Co. Inc. |
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1914-1920
Bellas Hess & Co., a USA doll manufacturer, while they mainly
sold bisque head child dolls, they also sold bisque baby dolls &
composition dolls. Dolls are of good quality, it is unknown
if/how dolls are marked.
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Photo N/A 1914-1920 Bellas
Hess & Co. |
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1914-1929 Nibur Novelty Co.
-a USA doll manufacturer, made composition dolls in various sizes, also sold doll heads &
parts. Marked: NIBUR within a diamond.
ca. 1920's Baby Doll, 12" tall, composition
head & limbs, cloth body, painted facial features, closed painted
mouth, molded painted hair. Marked on shoulder plate: NIBUR
in a diamond. |

ca.
1920's Baby Doll, 12" |
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1915-1917 Bijou Doll
Co., a New York USA doll manufacturer, made composition doll
heads with cloth bodies in 11" with a mohair wig & 14" with painted
hair. It is unknown if/how dolls are marked. It
appears a bankruptcy petition was filed by creditors on September
12, 1917 according to The New York Times.
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Photo N/A
1915-1917 Bijou Doll
Co. |
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ca. 1915-1920's Character Doll, 14"
tall, cloth jointed body and limbs, composition head with molded
painted hair, painted facial features with open smiling mouth.
Marked on neck: N.D. co.
This marking was used by;
Natural Doll Co and
National
Doll Co |

1915-1920's Character doll, 14" |
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1916-1926 American Doll Co. - was owned
and operated by Bayless Bros. & Co., of Louisville, KY USA.
Not much is known of this doll maker, but the few dolls confirmed
have rather distinctive features. Boy and Girl
dolls have been found in various large sizes (18-25"), they both
have molded hair (his hair is all over curls, hers is a Marcelled
style), if hair is unpainted then it probably originally wore a
mohair wig, composition shoulder head on a stuffed cloth body,
partial composition lower short arms, cloth legs with cloth boots
stitched on or paper mâché body with paper mâché legs with blue or
pink painted on boots, all their dolls have decal eyes, closed
slight smiling painted mouth. The made both Mama &
Baby type dolls.
Shown is the
face mold for the Girl doll, she will probably have molded
Marcelled curls beneath her wig, composition shoulder head, with
cloth body and legs, decal blue eyes, closed slight smiling mouth,
short partial composition arms, black cloth stitched on boots over
the cloth legs. Marked: Am. Doll Co.
A trade name of Honey Child was registered
for them, that doll looks very similar to the Bye-Lo doll.
Other markings used by American Doll Co. are: A.D. / C.,
A.D. Co., Am. Doll Co., Am Doll Co. / Copr. 1926
and Honey Child, |

American Doll Co., Girl, 20" |
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1917-1920 American
Produced Stuffed Toy Co., a USA manufacturer, made dolls with
composition heads on cloth bodies, mostly baby dolls & military
dolls. Unknown if/how dolls are marked.
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Photo N/A
1917-1920 American Produced
Stuffed Toy Co., |
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1917-1918
American Toy & Doll Manufacturer, a USA company, made baby &
teenage composition dolls, of good quality. Dolls may be
marked: A.D. Co. which is
also a marking used by the Aetna Doll & Toy Co. although the
two companies are unrelated.
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Photo N/A
1917-1918 American Toy & Doll
Manufacturer |
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1917-1930
American Toy & Novelty Co., a USA manufacturer, made composition
baby, character & teenage dolls of all composition or composition &
cloth, and are of good quality. It is unknown if/how dolls are
marked. In 1930 the company merged with the Frank Plotnick
company who specialized in cloth type dolls, both companies ceased
soon after 1930.
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Photo N/A
1917-1930s American Toy &
Novelty Co. |
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1917-1930
Atlantic Playthings Co., a USA manufacturer, made both black &
white mama baby dolls. Dolls are of good quality, it is
unknown if/how dolls are marked.
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Photo N/A
1917-1930 Atlantic Playthings
Co. |
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1917-1930 Atlas
Doll & Toy Co., a USA manufacturer, made both metal &
composition dolls, also a line of mechanical dolls. Dolls are
of good quality, it is unknown if/how all dolls are marked.
Toodles was a doll marking.
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Tootles, 11", all composition, molded hair,
tin sleep eyes, closed mouth, marked on back of neck in script:
Toodles
by Atlas Doll & Toy Co. |
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1917-1921 Babs
Manufacturing Corp., a USA doll manufacturer, made a line of
mesh with flexible steel spring joints & wooden limbs dolls.
Dolls may be marked with an acorn shape image with USA
in the top of the cap & Babs Mfg in the body of the acorn. |
Photo N/A
1917-1921 Babs
Manufacturing Corp. |
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1917-1929 Baby
Phyllis Doll Co., a USA doll manufacturer, made composition
dolls, also imported bisque dolls from Germany. Dolls are of
good quality, unknown how the composition dolls are marked, but the
imported bisque dolls marking is usually: Phyllis/Made in
Germany, Baby Phyllis/Made in Germany/24014. |
Photo N/A
1917-1929 Baby
Phyllis Doll Co. |
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1918-1919 H. C.
Abramson, a short lived USA doll manufacturer, made all
composition or composition heads on cloth body dolls, usually with
molded painted hair & painted eyes. It is unknown how dolls
were marked.
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Photo N/A
1918-1919 H. C. Abramson Doll
Company |
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1918 American
Glueless Doll Co., a USA doll manufacturer, made dolls without
glue, the dolls limbs are attached by socket joints. Unknown
how dolls are marked.
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Photo N/A
1918 American Glueless Doll Co
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1918-1920 Art Craft Toy Products & 1921
Art Craft Playthings Corp. - not much is known about this short
lived doll maker, they made dolly face & baby dolls in all
composition with ball jointed bodies, sleep eyes and quality wigs,
made to
compete with the German bisque head dolls. Some markings used were:
Art Craft USA (in an oval) or Art Craft in an oval NYC
& ARTCRAFT PLAYTHINGS.
Photo courtesy of Ronsfancy, dress
designed by Ronsfancy as well. |

1918-1920 Dolly Face, 21" |
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1918-1925 Berwick Doll Company - best known
for their Famlee Dolls, 16" tall, composition doll heads and
limbs, jointed legs, wigged, cloth body with shoulder plate, came with three to twelve
interchangeable screw on heads of both boys and girls, had matching costumes for the
character heads ie: black doll, Chinese doll, nurse, and others. Dolls were patented by
David Wiener. Dolls are unmarked: cloth body may
have an ink stamp. |

ca.
1921 Famlee dolls, 16" |
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1919-1921 Acorn Doll
Company, a USA doll manufacturer, made all composition or
composition heads on cloth bodies, wigged or molded hair, painted
eyes or sleep. Dolls are of mediocre quality.
One doll marking found
for this company is a picture of an acorn with the initials
A.D.C. in the top of the acorn body & American Made
imprinted in the lower cap.
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Photo N/A 1919-1921 Acorn
Doll Company |
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1919-1920
Alisto Manufacturing, of the USA produced composition dolls with
molded on clothing usually about 12" tall. Short lived
company, unknown how or if dolls are marked.
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Photo N/A 1919-1920 Alisto
Manufacturing
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1919 Berry &
Ross Doll Co., a USA doll manufacturer, they were completely
owned & operated by black African Americans, they produced black
composition dolls & military dolls. Dolls are of good quality,
unknown if/how dolls were marked.
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Photo N/A 1919 Berry &
Ross Doll Co. |
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1919-1921 Bester Doll Manufacturing Co.,
a New Jersey, USA manufacturer of mostly composition dolls, which
maybe be marked with their trade name of Bloomfield.
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Photo N/A 1919-1921 Bester
Doll Manufacturing Co. |
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ca. 1920s+ American
Ocarina & Toy Company, a USA manufacturer, made novelty all
composition dolls. Dolls are of mediocre quality & it is
unknown if/how they are marked.
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Photo N/A ca. 1920s+
American Ocarina & Toy Company |
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1920-1950s
Arrow Novelty Co., a New York, USA manufacturer, made cloth,
composition, hard plastic & vinyl dolls. Best known for their
Skookum Native Indian dolls designed by Mary McAboy which
came in both composition or hard plastic. Dolls are of good
quality, they usually had a paper label on the foot that read:
"Skookum Bully Good Indian".
Note: Not to be confused
with the later Arrow Plastics Industries company 1940s+.
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Photo N/A 1920-1950s Arrow
Novelty Co. |
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ca. 1920s Bleier
Brothers Co., a USA doll manufacturer, produced a composition
doll Abe Kabibble, a Jewish comic character in Abie the Agent
(1914-1940) created by cartoonist Harry Hershfield
(1885-1974). Registered trade name was Bee Bee Brand,
however it is unknown if/how dolls were marked.
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Photo N/A ca. 1920s
Bleier Brothers Co. |
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ca. 1920s
Bouton Woolf Co., a USA doll manufacturer, made composition
dolls, usually copies of other manufacturers known dolls, such as a
Patsy look alike, named Phyllis. they also supplied
dolls to other dealers. It is unknown if/how dolls were
marked, the Patsy look alike Phyllis doll is marked
Phyllis.
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Photo N/A ca. 1920s
Boulton Woolf Co. |
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ca. 1920's-1949 Cohen, Herman - House of
Puzzy - they made composition character dolls; the Good Habit
Kids, & shown are both Puzzy & Sizzy.
1948 Puzzy, 15" tall, all
composition jointed body, painted facial features with big eyes &
freckles, open smiling mouth, molded painted orange hair.
Marked: H of P USA, Puzzy H of P USA.
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ca.
1948 Puzzy, 15" |
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ca. 1920's-1949 Cohen, Herman - House
of Puzzy - they made composition character dolls; the Good Habit
Kids, & shown are both Puzzy & Sizzy.
1948 Sizzy, 15" tall, all composition
jointed body, painted facial features, closed smiling mouth, molded
painted orange hair. Marked: H of P USA,
Sizzy H of
P USA. |

ca.
1948 Sizzy, 14" |
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1922-1927 S.
Blechman & Sons, USA doll manufacturer, made composition dolls,
registered the trade name for a doll; Charm. It is
unknown how or if the dolls are marked.
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Photo N/A 1922-1927 S.
Blechman & Sons |
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1923-1927
American Unbreakable Doll Corp., a USA manufacturer, made
composition head & limbs, mama baby dolls with cloth bodies, they
also sold doll limbs to other manufacturers.
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Photo N/A 1917-1930s
American Toy & Novelty Co. |
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1924-1929 Metropolitan Doll Company - a USA
company that made composition dolls and parts, including: mama,
baby, hair loop bow, and cries. Some of their dolls were
designed by famous doll sculptor Ernest Peruggi.
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Photo N/A
1924-1929 Metropolitan Doll Company |
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ca. 1930's Ming Ming Baby, 11" tall,
Asian boy doll, all composition jointed body, molded hair,
painted eyes & closed mouth, que hat (wisdom hat) with black braid, painted black bottom of feet for soles of shoes.
ca. 1930's Ling Ling Baby,
11" tall,
Asian girl doll, all composition, both came dressed in a
two piece pants set made of taffeta with braid trim and matching
hat. Ling Ling has painted white bottoms of her feet for
soles of shoes. Dolls were both
produced by the Quan Quan
company of California. Both dolls are unmarked. |

ca.
1930's Ming Ming Baby, 11" |
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1937 Lone Ranger & Tonto dolls, 10
1/2, 15 1/2 or 20"
tall, composition flange head and lower arms, stuffed cloth body
upper arms and legs, stitched hip joints, molded painted hair,
painted eyes, closed mouth. The Lone Ranger and Tonto are
dressed in faux buckskin and suede clothing and each has a holster
with two guns. Hi-Yo Silver! Made by the Dollcraft Novelty
Co. New York, USA. (Used the head mold from Reliable Of
Canada).
Dollcraft
Novelty Co. also made a Canadian Royal Mounty doll,
again using Reliable's head mold. |

1937 Lone Ranger & Tonto |
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1939 Jeannine of Alsace-Lorraine, 8" tall,
World's fair International Dolls, Vocation Dolls &
Storybook Doll series. Some other names were:
Girl of the Golden West, Ermine of Turkey, Edith the Nurse,
Little Bo Peep, plus others, all composition jointed body,
molded hair beneath a wig, painted side glancing eyes, closed
painted mouth. Clothing is often stapled to the body.
Dolls are unmarked. Made by Dollcraft Novelty Co.
of New York, USA, also dist. by the Joy Doll Company 1920-1922. |
Photo N/A
1939 Jeannine of Alsace-Lorraine, 8" |
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